Furnace for burning hydrocarbons, &amp;c.



No. 646,558. Patented Apr. 3, |900. J. A. & J. M. B.YREY.

FURNACE FOR BURNING HYDRCARBONS, &c.

(Application filed Nov. 1, 1899.)

(No Model.)

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PA'rEN'r JEAN ALEXANDRE REY- AND JEAN MARC BARTHELEMY REY, OF PARIS,FRANCE.

FURNACE FOR BURNING HYDROCARBONS, &O.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 646,5 58, dated April3, 1900.

Application filed November 1, 1899. Serial No, 735,466. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, JEAN ALEXANDRE REY and JEAN MARC BARTHELEMY REY,citizens of the Republic of France, residing at Paris, France, haveinvented a new and useful Improvement in Furnaces for BurningHydrocarbons, Alcohols, and other Combustible Liquids, which is fullyset forth in the following specification.

This invention has for its object a furnace forburning hydrocarbons,alcohols, and other combustible liquids in which the vapors are mixedwith air.

This apparatus is intended to fulfil two conditions necessary to theworking of a furnace burning combustible liquids--iirst, to mix byphysical means combustible vapor which has been produced' by the flameitself with the air which is to oxidize it, and, second, to heat themixture to the degree necessary for good oxidation by previously heatingthe air-supply by means of the fiame itself.

The furnace shown in vertical section in the accompanying drawingcomprises a worm 1 for gasifying a combustible liquid and adiffusion-mixer 2 for causing an intimate mixture of the combustiblevapor and the air, this diusion-mixer having the form of twocone frustaplaced apex to apex, and, lastly, a combustion-chamber 3, in which theflame' originates and from which it passes outward.

The parts of this apparatus will now be separately described.

The worm 1, of steel, copper, or other suit- .able metal, receivesthrough one end 4 the combustible liquid expelledl by means of a pump orby means of compressed air or otherwise. An expansion apparatus (notshown in the drawing) may be arranged in rear of the inlet at of theworm in order to regulate the pressure under which the combustibleliquid passes into the worm. The outlet-oriiice of the worm 1 isprolonged by a pipe', which passes downward to the lower portion of theapparatus and which leads the combustible vapor produced in the worminto a tube 6, which ends in a nozzle 7of a size which varies accordingto the power ofthe apparatus. The pipe 5 has upon it an enlargement 8,terminating at its lower end in a stopper 9. This enlargement is filledwith a filling 10, formed of a wirework or steel or of any other metal,the object 4of which will be explained later. By u'nscrewing the stopper9 the filling 10 can be withdrawn. i

The diffusion-mixer 2 is formed of two-cone frusta placed apex to apex,having a contracted section 11, of a size less than that of the lowerorifice 12, where the gaseous current passes in. The upper portion formsa diverging channel 13, the upper section 14 of which is placedimmediately below the worm l. This diverging channel serves to diffusethe gaseous mixture. The combustion-charnber 3, which forms acontinuation of the diffusion-mixer 2, incloses the worm 1. It isprolonged by a cylinder 15, which may be smaller or of the same size, asdesired, through which the flames escape into the apparatus whichutilizes them.

In order to support the diffuser, a rod 16, provided with attachments 1718, fixed by screw-nuts, connects the several parts of the furnacetogether. Any other arrangement for this object may ofcourse be adopted.

The chimney or envelop 19, which incloses the whole apparatus, compelsthe air-supply to pass into the mixer through the space 20 below thebase-plate 21 of the boiler or other apparatus for utilizing the heat ofthe furnace. This chimney 19 terminates at its lower portion in afoundation-plate 22, upon which the pipe 6 is supported by a threadedstopper 23.

The action of the apparatus is as follows:` The combustible liquid whichpasses into the worm 1 through the orifice 4 is yaporized by the heatderived from the fi-ame ih the chamber 3. The Vapor thus `produced underthe influence of the pressure produced in the worm 1 by theinjection-pump or by other means-passes away by the pipe 5. 1t thuspasses into the tube G and passes out in a jet through the burnerorifice or nozzle 7. Under the influence of the jet or vapor passing outfrom the nozzle 7 a vacuum is produced at the orifice 12 of the mixer 2and air flows in to fill it. This Volume of air mixes with thecombustible vapor, and the mixture, the speed of which is accelerated onaccount of the restricted shape of the apparatus, traverses the section11 of the diffusion-mixer with a maximum speed. After having traversedthe restricted section l l the mixture passes into the diffuser 13, theeffect of which, due to the fact of its enlarged section, is toprogressively reduce the speed of the gaseous current, the gas at thesame time being permitted to`expand or diffuse.

The function of the diffuser is important in point of view of thequality of the flame produced. It results from this arrangement thatwhen the mixture passesinto the combustionchamber 3 the air and vaporare intimately mixed and then expanded to facilitate its passage in theform of flame into the apparatus to be heated. The flame originates inthe chamber 3 and rises, passing out through the cylinder l5, and theworm l, through contact with the llame, becomes heated sufficiently tocause the vaporization of the liquid. The air sucked in by the vacuumcreated by the mixer passes into the apparatus through the circularopening 20 and `passes downward into the space which separates thechimney 19 from the mixer 2. It becomes gradually heated by contact withthe chamber 3 and the diffuser andenters at the lower orifice 12. Theair-supplyis thus heated, and while assisting oxidation allows thesuperheating of the combustible vapor to be proportionately reduced;Should a rise in temperature in the worm l cause partial disassociation,the particles of carbon carried along by the gaseous current would bearrested by the metallic filling 10, vcontained in the tube S, whichthus filters the combustible vapor without cooling it. The vapor thuspasses to the tube 6 deprived of all solid particles which',v wouldobstruct the orifice of the throttlevalve '7.

The furnace is started by previously heating the worm l. For thispurpose it suffices to provide it at its/'l lar (not shown in t edrawing) which is-lled with alcohol. On lighting the alcohol the heatdeveloped is sufhcient to allow the worm to vaporize the first portionsof the combustible i the furnace continues of itself.

ower portion with a col- Without limiting ourselves to the details ofexecution, which may be Varied as required, we claim in the presentpatent.-

l. In a furnace for burning combustible liquids under pressure, thecombination of a i worm wherein the liquid is adapted to be vaporized, adiusion and mixing chamber having expanded openinlet and outlet ends anda contractedintermediate portion, the outlet from said diffusion andmixing chamber being located below the worm, a burner located below theinlet to said chamber, a pipe leading from the worm to the burner, and acylinder located above theworm and adapted to conduct the flamefrom thediusion and mixing chamber to the point of utilization, substantially asand for the purposes described. 2'. In a furnacefor burning combustibleliquids under pressure, a worm wherein the liquid is adapted to bevapor-ized, a diffusion and mixing chamber supporting said worm andhaving its interior in alinement with the inside portion of the worm,said chamberhaving two expandedopen ends and a contracted portionintermediate of its ends, a burner entering the loweror inlet. end ofsaid chamber, a pipe leading from the Worm to the burner, a filteringmaterial located in said pipe, a cylinder forminga continuation ofthediffusion-chamber and arranged concentric with said worm, and a chimneyinclosing the worm, diffusion-chamber, burnerand burnerpipe, saidchimney being open at its upper and cl/osed at its lower end,substantially as and for the purposes described.

Iii/testimony whereof we have signed this specification in the presenceof two subscribing/witnesses.

JEAN ALEXANDRE REY. JEAN MARC BAR'llIELEllllv REY.

XVitnesses:

J. ALLIsoN BOWEN, G. DE WEsTRAY.

